髓內通路放置后的利多卡因應用（Lidocaine after IO Line Placement）
原作者： Bryan Hayes, 肖鋒譯 文章來源： 中華急診醫學雜志編輯部 發布日期：2013-02-11

Title: Lidocaine after IO Line Placement
題目：髓內通路放置后的利多卡因應用
Author作者: Bryan Hayes

Intraosseus (IO) access has become quite popular in critically ill patients requiring immediate resuscitation. In a patient responsive to pain, however, pain and discomfort is associated with the force of high-volume infusion through the established line.
在需要緊急復蘇的危重病人搶救中，骨髓內通道的應用已非常普遍。但是，對于一個對疼痛有感覺的病人，疼痛和不適可能會需要增加快速液體復蘇的壓力。
• Before flushing the line, consider administering preservative-free 2% lidocaine (without epinephrine) for patients responsive to pain prior to flush.
• 在沖洗髓內通道前，對有疼痛感的病人，可考慮注射沒有防腐劑的2％利多卡因（無腎上腺素）。
• The suggested dose is 20-40 mg (1-2 mL) of the 2% lidocaine, followed by the 10 mL saline flush.
• 建議劑量是20－40mg（1－2ml）的2％的利多卡因，然后再用10ml生理鹽水沖一下。
If preservative-free 2% lidocaine is not stocked in your ED, now is the time to consider adding it.
如果你們科里沒有儲存沒有防腐劑的2％利多卡因，現在應該把它加上了。

References參考文獻
Fowler RL, Pierce, Nazeer S, et al. Powered intraosseous insertion provides safe and effective vascular access for emergency patients. Ann Emerg Med 2008;52(4):S152.

Ong MEH, Chan YH, Oh JJ, et al. An observational, prospective study comparing tibial and humeral intraosseus access using EZ-IO. Am J Emerg Med 2009;27(1):8-15. [PMID 19041528]