Title: Acute Diarrhea
題目:急性腹瀉
Author 作者: Rose Chasm
Diarrhea lasting less than 14 days
腹瀉持續時間少于14天
In children, almost all diarrhea is due to an infectious agent
在兒童中,幾乎所有的腹瀉都是由于感染性因素造成的
Most etiologies are self-limited and do not need further evaluation except in the following conditions:
大多數病因是自愈性的,除在下列情況下,并不需要進一步的檢查:
infants < 2 months of age 嬰兒<2月齡
gross blood in stool 肉眼血便
WBC's on microscopic exam of stool 大便鏡檢有WBC
toxic-appearance 病人看上去很重
immunocompromised child 免疫功能低下的孩子
diarrhea developing while an inpatient 腹瀉出現在住院期間
Therapy is aimed at oral rehydration and providing nutrional needs
治療目的是口服補液和保證營養的需求
ORT is best with commerical formulations specific for this as most other clear liquids (juice, sodas) are hypertonic and have excess glucose resulting in ongoing diarrhea-like stools
使用為這一目的設計的商品化的配方是最好的口服補液療法(ORT),因為多數其他液體(果汁,蘇打水)都是高滲并含有較高的葡萄糖,從而導致持續性與腹瀉類式的大便
After rehydration, resume the child's normal diet.
補液后,恢復孩子的正常飲食
References 參考文獻:
MedStudy Pediatrics Board Review Core Curriculum
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